About Biological Nanoparticles and Microparticles

Biological nano- and micro- particles refers to the group of bodies (cells, viruses, vesicles) ranging from 1-1000 nm in size. This encompasses bacteria, algae, plankton, viruses, chromosomes, and extracellular vesicles including oncosomes, exosomes, and microvesicles. A couple of examples: Increasingly, scientists are researching the power of extracellular vesicles as a non-invasive indicator of certain diseases and cancers, as an intercellular communication channel whereby the cargoes control basic cellular functions, and as a potential drug delivery mechanism. Marine scientists are able to utilize advanced sensitivity to determine minute differences between phytoplankton populations and to visualize ocean viruses ahead of genetic characterization.

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Title	Description
How can nanoparticles be used for immunotherapy? {C761825C-5739-42D5-90E3-D058FB587ADC}	We examine how nanoparticles can be used for immunotherapy as well as in other research areas
What guidelines are available for working with EVs? {C761825C-5739-42D5-90E3-D058FB587ADC}
Does ultracentrifugation processing duration correlate with successful isolation of exosomes? {C761825C-5739-42D5-90E3-D058FB587ADC}	Centrifugation processing time and successful exosome isolation.
What benefit can analyzing EVs by flow Cytometry give, over more traditional methods like western blotting? {C761825C-5739-42D5-90E3-D058FB587ADC}
Can I tell exosomes apart from other microvesicles? {C761825C-5739-42D5-90E3-D058FB587ADC}	Differences between exosomes and other small microvesicles.
How can I differentiate between particulate in the sample, the sample probe, or the sheath solution? {C761825C-5739-42D5-90E3-D058FB587ADC}
Does the broad distribution of EV populations affect resolution from background? {C761825C-5739-42D5-90E3-D058FB587ADC}
What are the Guidelines for Working with Extracellular Vesicles	What are the Guidelines for Working with Extracellular Vesicles
Can you label intra-extracellular vesicle markers? {C761825C-5739-42D5-90E3-D058FB587ADC}
Following isolation, what are the main methods for analyzing EVs? {C761825C-5739-42D5-90E3-D058FB587ADC}	Methods for extracellular vesicle analysis.
If flow rate is high, and we are studying minimal concentration particles, what should we do to detect it? {C761825C-5739-42D5-90E3-D058FB587ADC}
Does this tech apply for follicular fluid samples? {C761825C-5739-42D5-90E3-D058FB587ADC}
Will Violet Side-Scatter improve detection on any flow cytometers? {C761825C-5739-42D5-90E3-D058FB587ADC}
How to Use Violet Laser Side Scatter Detect Nanoparticle {442DF88C-CA7F-4B78-AF75-9D2B985534C0}
Characterizing RNA Nanoparticles by Analytical Ultracentrifugation {442DF88C-CA7F-4B78-AF75-9D2B985534C0}	Authors: Chad T. Schwartz, Daniel Jasinski, and Peixuan Guo - Beckman Coulter, Inc., Indianapolis, IN \| University of Kentucky, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Accurate, Rapid Sizing of C60 Fullerene Particles {442DF88C-CA7F-4B78-AF75-9D2B985534C0}	Author: Joshua T. Robinson \| Published 2016
How to use VSSC on CytoFLEX Technical Note {749D68FB-4893-4B2D-BD6C-C662F0520F64}	The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how to setup the CytoFLEX flow cytometer to detect small particles by Violet Side Scatter (VSSC). A bead mixture is defined to assist in demonstrating the detection capabilities. Using VSSC, the CytoFLEX was able to clearly discriminate 80 nm polystyrene and 150 nm silica nanoparticles from background noise.
Using Violet Side Scatter to Detect and Resolve Nanoparticles on the CytoFLEX Flow Cytometer {C00ACFAF-8661-4DF6-8BA5-A7A099A7BA9C}	This poster provides detailed instructions for setting up the CytoFLEX flow cytometer Violet Side Scatter for nanoparticle detection. Experimental considerations for nanoscale flow cytometry and illustrated with data from the instrument.
Twenty-seven Markers on a 3-laser Flow Cytometer {C00ACFAF-8661-4DF6-8BA5-A7A099A7BA9C}	This poster was presented at Cyto in 2018 and demonstrates a technique to maximize the usage of channels on a flow cytometer. The method relies on stacking biomarkers that are not expressed on the same cell and a gating technique to interrogate the populations of interest.
Nano- and Microparticle Bead Mix for Use as a Sizing Standard in Flow Cytometry {C00ACFAF-8661-4DF6-8BA5-A7A099A7BA9C}	The CytoFLEX platform is distinguished for not only its fluorescence sensitivity but also its ability to detect in the nanoparticle range using Violet Side Scatter. This poster, presented at Cyto in 2016 describes a NIST-traceable bead mix for use in standardizing flow cytometry experiments.
Resolving Dyes with Identical Emission Wavelengths on the CytoFLEX {C00ACFAF-8661-4DF6-8BA5-A7A099A7BA9C}	Compensation in flow cytometry is a special case of spectral deconvolution. In this poster we demonstrate that the CytoFLEX can deconvolute highly overlapping fluorophores using the compensation algorithm.
CytoFLEX Flow Cytometer Platform Brochure {A7DF4F56-8AF9-4BF1-88BE-766AB73FBC6B}	Provides an overview of all three models and describes the unique collection of technologies that contribute to the sensitivity of the platform
CytoFLEX Instrument Set-up for Measuring Extracellular Vesicles Application Note {442DF88C-CA7F-4B78-AF75-9D2B985534C0}	Describes the instrument set up and verification steps required for measuring extracellular vesicles by flow cytometry. Instructions for reducing background particles found in buffers and reagents to enhance small particle detection.
Preparing a CytoFLEX for Nanoscale Flow Cytometry {C00ACFAF-8661-4DF6-8BA5-A7A099A7BA9C}	In this poster, we will demonstrate how to properly setup and clean a CytoFLEX flow cytometer for NP analyses
A Prototype CytoFLEX for High-Sensitivity, Multiparametric Nanoparticle Analysis {C00ACFAF-8661-4DF6-8BA5-A7A099A7BA9C}	In this poster, we will demonstrate the VSSC-based size resolution and fluorescence sensitivity of our prototype using a variety of NIST-traceable size standards and fluorescent nanoparticles
Characterizing the Light-Scatter Sensitivity of the CytoFLEX Flow Cytometer {C00ACFAF-8661-4DF6-8BA5-A7A099A7BA9C}	The CytoFLEX is so sensitive that the SSC detector actually has an attenuation filter to reduce 95% of the scatter signal, adjusting it to a range useful for cells
MoFlo Astrios EQ Series {A7DF4F56-8AF9-4BF1-88BE-766AB73FBC6B}	Resolution: Resolves minimum 0.2μm diameter particles in forward scatter from background
MoFlo Astrios EQ {A7DF4F56-8AF9-4BF1-88BE-766AB73FBC6B}	Small Particle FSC Enhancement Module \| Six-way sort purity > 99 % Purity \| Integrated Bio Safety Hood: Baker SterilGARD II BSL2 Cabinet
Density Gradient Separation of Gold Nanorods {442DF88C-CA7F-4B78-AF75-9D2B985534C0}	Gold Nanorods (AuNR) hold great promise for biomedical imaging
Particle Characterization & Centrifugation - Nanotoxicity Application Note {442DF88C-CA7F-4B78-AF75-9D2B985534C0}	Nanotechnology biomedicine is an emerging field still in its nascent phase
Tech Note: Violet Side Scatter Use in Nanoparticle Detection {749D68FB-4893-4B2D-BD6C-C662F0520F64}	How to Use Violet Side Scatter to Detect Nanoparticles on the CytoFLEX Flow Cytometer
A method of grading nanoparticles using ultracentrifugation in order to determine the accurate particle diameter {442DF88C-CA7F-4B78-AF75-9D2B985534C0}
Grading of pigment ink and measurement of particle diameter using ultracentrifugation / dynamic light scattering {442DF88C-CA7F-4B78-AF75-9D2B985534C0}
Metal colloid purification and concentration using ultracentrifugation {442DF88C-CA7F-4B78-AF75-9D2B985534C0}
Separation and purification of metal nanorods using density gradient centrifugation {442DF88C-CA7F-4B78-AF75-9D2B985534C0}
Grading of nanocellulose using a centrifuge {442DF88C-CA7F-4B78-AF75-9D2B985534C0}
Particle diameter measurement of a nanoparticle composite - Using density gradient ultracentrifugation and dynamic light scattering {442DF88C-CA7F-4B78-AF75-9D2B985534C0}
Preparation and purification of carbon nanotubes using an ultracentrifuge and automatic dispensing apparatus, and analysis using an analytical centrifuge system {442DF88C-CA7F-4B78-AF75-9D2B985534C0}
Preparing a CytoFLEX for Nanoscale Flow Cytometry {C00ACFAF-8661-4DF6-8BA5-A7A099A7BA9C}
A Prototype CytoFLEX for High-Sensitivity, Multiparametric Nanoparticle Analysis {C00ACFAF-8661-4DF6-8BA5-A7A099A7BA9C}
Characterizing the Light-Scatter Sensitivity of the CytoFLEX Flow Cytometer {C00ACFAF-8661-4DF6-8BA5-A7A099A7BA9C}
Small Particle {611E05FD-FC41-4E23-9498-DA5662F8D4F9}	We explore research of small biological particles, including extracellular vesicles, algae, viruses, bacteria, and more.
Western Blot and Other Methods vs. Nanoscale Flow Cytometry {C761825C-5739-42D5-90E3-D058FB587ADC}
Webinar: An Intro to Characterization of Biomolecules Using AUC	<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #5b5b5b;">Analytical Ultracentrifugation (AUC) is one of the most powerful biophysical tools used today for the characterization of biological samples ranging from small drug molecules to intact viruses, vesicles and microparticles</span>
Large Scale Purification of RNA and RNA-based Nanoparticles by Preparative Ultracentrifugation	Webinar from Daniel Jasinski covers RNA nanotechnology in cancer therapy. RNA/RNA-based nanoparticle purification by ultracentrifugation including current technologies, different methods of ultracentrifugation, why large quantities of RNA are needed, methods for large-scale RNA purification.
Looking Under the Hood: Getting Started with the Optima AUC	n the webinar we discussed the fundamentals of analytical ultracentrifugation and looked at a few sample applications. <h3></h3>
Dr. Karla Williams on Analyzing Extracellular Vesicles Using the CytoFLEX
Analytical Ultracentrifugation in Nanoparticle Analysis	Joshua Robinson covers the utility of fractionation in the investigation of complex mixtures and polydisperse samples as well as versatility of analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) for colloid chemistry. He quickly reviews analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) theory, then discusses deconstructing nano-constructs and how AUC has been used in recent literature to really probe the underlying structure of nano-constructs, nanomaterials. Other topics covered include nanoparticle sample preparation, as well as Beckman Coulter's research and future perspectives.
Physical and Chemical Characterization of Nanoparticle Constructs Using the Analytical Ultracentrifuge	Webinar covers physical and chemical characterization of nanoparticle constructs using analytical ultracentrifugation. Webinar is presented by Osman M Bakr from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology.
Quantitative Determination of Reaction Stoichiometry, Interaction Energies, and Solute Masses Using Analytical Ultracentrifugation	Live broadcast covering applications of analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC).
Detection of microparticles with flow cytometry
Pushing the Boundaries of Nanoparticle Characterization	Simultaneous dynamic light scattering and zeta potential. Using carbon nanotubes in Cancer therapy and characterization of nanotubes. Beckman Coulter Life Sciences presents a video on pushing the boundaries of nanoparticle characterization with ultra-fast, simultaneous dynamic light scattering and zeta potential.
Nanoparticle Research	Why has interest in nanoparticles of cellular origin expanded so rapidly? Because of the role they play in extracellular communication processes, and their potential for detecting pathological states; learn more here
Verifying for Small Particle with Certified Beads {C761825C-5739-42D5-90E3-D058FB587ADC}
The Importance of Guidelines in Small Particle Research {C761825C-5739-42D5-90E3-D058FB587ADC}
Browse Nanoscale FAQs	Here is an aggregated collection of all FAQs relating to Biological Nanoparticle Analysis and Research
【テクニカルノート】フローサイトメーターCytoFLEXを用いた、バイオレットレーザー側方散乱光を利用してナノ粒子を検出する方法 {611E05FD-FC41-4E23-9498-DA5662F8D4F9}	バイオレットレーザー側方散乱光（Violet Side Scatter, VSSC）を用いてナノ粒子を検出する際のフローサイトメーターCytoFLEXの設定方法をご説明します。
Extracellular Vesicles for ‘Liquid Biopsy’ Development in Cancer by Dr. Karla Williams	Using nano-scale flow cytometry, the Williams lab has identified a secondary bio-marker that allows them to identify the most critical prostrate cancer in patient samples. This revolutionary discovery has the potential to reduce unnecessary needle biopsy surgeries because only a blood sample is needed, as well as reduce overall costs to test for the disease. The Williams lab expects to move to clinical trial phase in the coming months.

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